Higher Homotopies in a Hierarchy of Univalent Universes

For Martin-Lof type theory with a hierarchy U(0): U(1): U(2): ... of univalent universes, we show that U(n) is not an n-type. Our construction also solves the problem of finding a type that strictly has some high truncation level without using higher inductive types. In particular, U(n) is such a type if we restrict it to n-types. We have fully formalized and verified our results within the dependently typed language and proof assistant Agda.Comment: v1: 30 pages, main results and a connectedness construction; v2: 14 pages, only main results, improved presentation, final journal version, ancillary files with electronic appendix; v3: content unchanged, different documentclass reduced the number of pages to 1

Two-Level Type Theory and Applications

We define and develop two-level type theory (2LTT), a version of Martin-L\"of type theory which combines two different type theories. We refer to them as the inner and the outer type theory. In our case of interest, the inner theory is homotopy type theory (HoTT) which may include univalent universes and higher inductive types. The outer theory is a traditional form of type theory validating uniqueness of identity proofs (UIP). One point of view on it is as internalised meta-theory of the inner type theory. There are two motivations for 2LTT. Firstly, there are certain results about HoTT which are of meta-theoretic nature, such as the statement that semisimplicial types up to level $n$ can be constructed in HoTT for any externally fixed natural number $n$. Such results cannot be expressed in HoTT itself, but they can be formalised and proved in 2LTT, where $n$ will be a variable in the outer theory. This point of view is inspired by observations about conservativity of presheaf models. Secondly, 2LTT is a framework which is suitable for formulating additional axioms that one might want to add to HoTT. This idea is heavily inspired by Voevodsky's Homotopy Type System (HTS), which constitutes one specific instance of a 2LTT. HTS has an axiom ensuring that the type of natural numbers behaves like the external natural numbers, which allows the construction of a universe of semisimplicial types. In 2LTT, this axiom can be stated simply be asking the inner and outer natural numbers to be isomorphic. After defining 2LTT, we set up a collection of tools with the goal of making 2LTT a convenient language for future developments. As a first such application, we develop the theory of Reedy fibrant diagrams in the style of Shulman. Continuing this line of thought, we suggest a definition of (infinity,1)-category and give some examples.Comment: 53 page

Turing-Completeness of Polymorphic Stream Equation Systems

Polymorphic stream functions operate on the structure of streams, infinite sequences of elements, without inspection of the contained data, having to work on all streams over all signatures uniformly. A natural, yet restrictive class of polymorphic stream functions comprises those definable by a system of equations using only stream constructors and destructors and recursive calls. Using methods reminiscent of prior results in the field, we first show this class consists of exactly the computable polymorphic stream functions. Using much more intricate techniques, our main result states this holds true even for unary equations free of mutual recursion, yielding an elegant model of Turing-completeness in a severely restricted environment and allowing us to recover previous complexity results in a much more restricted setting

Relative elegance and cartesian cubes with one connection

We establish a Quillen equivalence between the Kan-Quillen model structure and a model structure, derived from a model of a cubical type theory, on the category of cartesian cubical sets with one connection. We thereby identify a second model structure which both constructively models homotopy type theory and presents infinity-groupoids, the first known example being the equivariant cartesian model of Awodey-Cavallo-Coquand-Riehl-Sattler.Comment: 60 pages. Comments welcome